Crux of The Union Budget 2024-25

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About the Union Budget

The Union Budget accounts for the government’s finances during the fiscal year from April 1 to March 31. The first Budget in pre-independent India was presented in 1860 by James Wilson of the British Indian Government. After independence, India’s first Budget was presented in 1947 by Finance Minister RK Shanmukham Chetty.

The Union Budget is presented Annually in accordance with Article 112 of the Indian Constitution. Also called the Annual Financial Statement (AFS) of the Government.
Demands for Grants (Article 113)
Finance Bill (Article 110)

Since 2016 the budget is presented on Feb 01 each year. 2021 marks the first paperless budget.
Budget preparation: The Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, is the nodal body responsible for preparing the Budget document.
Budget classification: The Union Budget is classified into the Revenue Budget and the Capital Budget.
Revenue Budget: Encompassing the government’s expected one-year income, including taxes.

Capital Budget: Addressing government assets and liabilities, focusing on significant expenses like infrastructure development.
Budget Parts:
Part A: Macroeconomic section announcing government schemes and priorities.
Part B: Involves the Finance Bill, containing taxation proposals such as income tax revisions.

केंद्रीय बजट 2024-25

Union Budget 2024 Highlights

Budget 2024-25 focuses on employment, skilling, MSME’s and middle class.

The GDP for Budget FY 2024-25 (Regular) is estimated at Rs. 3,26,36,912 crore which is 10.5% over the Provisional Estimates of FY 2023-24 at Rs. 2,95,35,667 crore.
The total expenditure in Budget Estimates (BE) 2024-25 is estimated at Rs.48,20,512 crore of which total capital expenditure is Rs. 11,11,111 crore.

Total Receipts estimated at Rs. 32.07 lakh crore
Net tax receipts estimated at Rs. 25.83 lakh crore
Gross market borrowings estimated at Rs. 14.01 lakh crore
Net market borrowings estimated at Rs. 11.63 lakh crore
Interest payments estimated at Rs. 11 lakh crore
The BE for fiscal deficit is 4.9%, Revenue deficit is 1.8% and Primary deficit is 1.4%.
Rs 2 lakh crore has been allocated to the Department of Economic Affairs for New Schemes.

Budget Theme

Focus on employment, skilling, MSMEs, and the middle class.
Announcement of Prime Minister’s package of 5 schemes and initiatives to facilitate employment, skilling and other opportunities for 4.1 Cr youth over a 5-year period with a central outlay of INR 2 Lakh Cr.
Provision of INR 1.48 Lakh Cr for education, employment and skilling.

Package of PM’s five schemes for Employment and Skilling

Prime Minister’s Package of 5 Schemes and Initiatives for employment, skilling and other opportunities for 4.1 crore youth over a 5-year period.

Scheme A – First Timers: One-month salary of up to `15,000 to be provided in 3 installments to first-time employees, as registered in the EPFO.
Scheme B – Job Creation in manufacturing: Incentive to be provided at specified scale directly, both employee and employer, with respect to their EPFO contribution in the first 4 years of employment.
Scheme C – Support to employers: Government to reimburse up to `3,000 per month for 2 years towards EPFO contribution of employers, for each additional employee.
New centrally sponsored scheme for Skilling
20 lakh youth to be skilled over a 5-year period.

1,000 Industrial Training Institutes to be upgraded in hub and spoke arrangements.
New Scheme for Internship in 500 Top Companies to 1 crore youth in 5 years

Budget Priorities

In line with the Viksit Bharat strategy set out in the interim budget, the budget envisages sustained efforts on the following 9 priorities for generating ample opportunities for all.
- Productivity and resilience in Agriculture
- Employment & Skilling
- Inclusive Human Resource Development and Social Justice
- Manufacturing & Services
- Urban Development
- Energy Security
- Infrastructure
- Innovation, Research & Development and
- Next Generation Reforms

Priority 1: Productivity and resilience in Agriculture

Allocation of `1.52 lakh crore for agriculture and allied sectors.
New 109 high-yielding and climate-resilient varieties of 32 field and horticulture crops to be released for cultivation by farmers.

1 crore farmers across the country to be initiated into natural farming, with certification and branding in next 2 years.
10,000 need-based bio-input resource centres to be established for natural farming.
Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for Agriculture to be implemented for coverage of farmers and their lands in 3 years.

Priority 2: Employment & Skilling

As part of the Prime Minister’s package, 3 schemes for ‘Employment Linked Incentive’ to be implemented – Scheme A – First Timers; Scheme B – Job Creation in manufacturing; Scheme C – Support to employers.
To facilitate higher participation of women in the workforce,
- working women hostels and crèches to be established with industrial collaboration
- women-specific skilling programmes to be organized
- market access for women SHG enterprises to be promoted

Skill Development

New centrally sponsored scheme for Skilling under Prime Minister’s Package for 20 lakh youth over a 5-year period.
Model Skill Loan Scheme to be revised to facilitate loans up to
`7.5 lakh.
Financial support for loans upto `10 lakh for higher education in domestic institutions to be provided to youth who have not been eligible for any benefit under government schemes and policies.

Purvodaya

Industrial node at Gaya to be developed along the Amritsar-Kolkata Industrial Corridor.
Power projects, including new 2400 MW power plant at Pirpainti, to be taken up at a cost of `21,400 crore.

Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act

- - Special financial support through multilateral development agencies of `15,000 crore in the current financial year.
  - Industrial node at Kopparthy along Vishakhapatnam-Chennai Industrial Corridor and at Orvakal along Hyderabad-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor.

Women-led development

Total allocation of more than `3 lakh crore for schemes benefitting women and girls.

Pradhan Mantri Janjatiya Unnat Gram Abhiyan

Socio-economic development of tribal families in tribal-majority villages and aspirational districts, covering 63,000 villages benefitting 5 crore tribal people.

Bank branches in North-Eastern Region

100 branches of India Post Payment Bank to be set up in the North East region.

Priority 4: Manufacturing & Services

Credit Guarantee Scheme for MSMEs in the Manufacturing Sector

A credit guarantee scheme without collateral or third-party guarantee in term loans to MSMEs for purchase of machinery and equipment.

Credit Support to MSMEs during Stress Period

New mechanism to facilitate continuation of bank credit to MSMEs during their stress period.

Mudra Loans

The limit of Mudra loans under ‘Tarun’ category to be enhanced to `20 lakh from `10 lakh for those who have successfully repaid previous loans.

Enhanced scope for mandatory onboarding in TReDS

Turnover threshold of buyers for mandatory onboarding on the TReDS platform to be reduced from `500 crore to `250 crore..

MSME Units for Food Irradiation, Quality & Safety Testing

Financial support to set up 50 multi-product food irradiation units in the MSME sector .

E-Commerce Export Hubs

E-Commerce Export Hubs to be set up under public-private-partnership (PPP) mode for MSMEs and traditional artisans to sell their products in international markets.

Critical Mineral Mission

Critical Mineral Mission to be set up for domestic production, recycling of critical minerals, and overseas acquisition of critical mineral assets.

Offshore mining of minerals

Auction of the first tranche of offshore blocks for mining, building on the exploration already carried out.

Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) Applications

Development of DPI applications in the areas of credit, e-commerce, education, health, law and justice, logistics, MSME, services delivery, and urban governance.

Priority 5: Urban Development

Transit Oriented Development

Formulation of Transit Oriented Development plans and strategies to implement and finance 14 large cities above 30 lakh population.

Urban Housing

Investment of `10 lakh crore, including the central assistance of `2.2 lakh crore in next 5 years, under PM Awas Yojana Urban 2.0 proposed to address the , housing needs of 1 crore urban poor and middle-class families.

Street Markets

New scheme to support the development of 100 weekly ‘haats’ or street food hubs every year for the next 5 years in select cities.

Priority 6: Energy Security

Energy Transition

Policy document on ‘Energy Transition Pathways’ to balance the imperatives of employment, growth and environmental sustainability to be brought out.

Pumped Storage Policy

Policy for promoting pumped storage projects for electricity storage to be brought out.

Research and development of small and modular nuclear reactors

Government to partner with private sector for R&D of Bharat Small Modular Reactor and newer technologies for nuclear energy, and to set up Bharat Small Reactors.

Advanced Ultra Super Critical Thermal Power Plants

Joint venture proposed between NTPC and BHEL to set up a full scale 800 MW commercial plant using Advanced Ultra Super Critical (AUSC) technology.

Roadmap for ‘hard to abate’ industries

Appropriate regulations for transition of ‘hard to abate’ industries from the current ‘Perform, Achieve and Trade’ mode to ‘Indian Carbon Market’ mode to be put in place.

Priority 7: Infrastructure

Infrastructure investment by Central Government

`11,11,111 crore (3.4 % of GDP) to be provided for capital expenditure.

Infrastructure investment by state governments

Provision of `1.5 lakh crore for long-term interest free loans to support states in infrastructure investment.

Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana (PMGSY)

Launch of phase IV of PMGSY to provide all-weather connectivity to 25,000 rural habitations.

Irrigation and Flood Mitigation

Financial support of `11,500 crore to projects such as the Kosi-Mechi intra-state link and other schemes in Bihar.
Government to provide assistance to Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Sikkim for floods, landslides and other related projects.

Tourism

Comprehensive development of Vishnupad Temple Corridor, Mahabodhi Temple Corridor and Rajgir.
Assistance for development of temples, monuments, craftsmanship, wildlife sanctuaries, natural landscapes and pristine beaches of Odisha.

Priority 8: Innovation, Research & Development

Anusandhan National Research Fund for basic research and prototype development to be operationalised.
Financing pool of `1 lakh crore for spurring private sector-driven research and innovation at commercial scale.

Space Economy

Venture capital fund of `1,000 crore to be set up for expanding the space economy by 5 times in the next 10 years.

Priority 9: Next Generation Reforms

Rural Land Related Actions

Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN) or Bhu-Aadhaar for all lands
Digitization of cadastral maps
Survey of map sub-divisions as per current ownership
Establishment of land registry
Linking to the farmers registry

Urban Land Related Actions

Land records in urban areas to be digitized with GIS mapping.

Services to Labour

Integration of e-shram portal with other portals to facilitate such one-stop solution.
Open architecture databases for the rapidly changing labour market, skill requirements and available job roles.
Mechanism to connect job-aspirants with potential employers and skill providers.

NPS Vatsalya

NPS-Vatsalya as a plan for contribution by parents and guardians for minors.

Taxation

No change in domestic tax rates
Tax rate for foreign companies reduced from 40% to 35%
Standard deduction increased to INR 75,000 from INR 50,000
Contribution to NPS – Increased from 10% to 14%; Deduction allowed in the hands of the employer and the employee
Angel tax abolished from 1 April 2024
E-commerce equalisation levy of 2% applicable on the e-commerce supply or services has been withdrawn
Rationalisation of capital gains regime (w.e.f 23 July 2024)
- STCG tax rate increased from 15% to 20% for listed equity shares, unit of equity oriented funds/business trust
- LTCG tax rate rationalised to 12.5% for all assets by taking away indexation benefit.

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