Important environmental organisations of India
Central Pollution Control Board
- It is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
- It was established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974.
- The CPCB is also entrusted with the powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
- Headquarter : New Delhi
- It provides technical services to the ministry of Environment and Forests under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
- It Co-ordinates the activities of the State Pollution Control Boards by providing technical assistance and guidance and also resolves disputes among them.
- It is the apex organisation in country in the field of pollution control.
Animal Welfare Board of India
- It is a statutory and advisory body on Animal Welfare Laws and promotes animal welfare in the country.
- It was set up in 1962, in accordance with Section 4 of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Acts 1960.
- Headquarter : Ballabhgarh, Haryana.(Earlier it’s headquarter was in Chennai).
- The board consist of 28 members, for a period of 3 years.
- Functions :
- To advise the central government on making of rules, in the design of vehicles so as to reduce the burden on draught animals, in the design of slaughterhouse etc.
- To keep the law in force in India for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
- To encourage financial assistance and other assistance to animal welfare organisations.
- To take all such steps as the Board may think fit for amelioration of animals.
National Biodiversity Authority
- It was established in 2003 to implement India’s Biological Diversity Act (2002).
- The NBA is a Statutory and Autonomous Body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and climate change, Government of India.
- Headquarter : Chennai.
- It performs facilitative, regulatory and advisory function for the Government of India.
- Objectives of the NBA
- Prior approval of the NBA is necessary for intellectual property rights on a research based upon biological resources.
- The NBA will impose benefit-sharing conditions.
- Ensures protection to the knowledge of local people relating to biodiversity through measures such as registration of such knowledge.
- It advises the central government relating to conservation and sustainable and equitable use of benefits.
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau
- Wildlife Crime Control Bureau is a statutory multi-disciplinary body established by the Government of India under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
- To combat organized wildlife crime in the country.
- The Bureau has its headquarter in New Delhi.
- Under Section 38 (Z) of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, it is mandated to collect and collate intelligence related to organized wildlife crime activities and to disseminate the same to State and other enforcement agencies for immediate action so as
- to apprehend the criminals.
- to establish a centralized wildlife crime data bank;
- It also assists and advises the Customs authorities in inspection of the consignments of flora & fauna as per the provisions of Wild Life Protection Act, CITES and EXIM Policy governing such an item.
Central Zoo Authority
- The amendment made to the Wild Life (Protection) Act in 1991 added a new chapter dealing with zoos to the Act and allowed for the Central Government to constitute an authority known as the Central Zoo Authority to oversee the functioning and development of zoos in the country.
- Functions :
- To specify the minimum standards for housing, upkeep and veterinary care of animals kept in a zoo.
- To recognize and derecognize zoos.
- To identify endangered species of wild animals for purposes of captive breeding and assigning responsibility in this regard to a zoo.
- To provide technical and other assistance to zoos for their proper management and development on scientific lines.
- To perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act with regard to zoos.
- Powers :
- Recognition of zoos
- Permission for acquisition of wild / captive animals
- Cognizance of offences
- Grant of licences, certificate of ownership, recognition, etc.
National Ganga River Basin Authority
- NGRBA was constituted on February 2009 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
- The NGRBA is a planning, financing, monitoring and coordinating body of the centre and the states.
- The objective of the NGRBA is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and conservation of the river Ganga by adopting a river basin approach for comprehensive planning and management.
- The Authority has both regulatory and developmental functions.
- The Authority will take measures for effective abatement of pollution and conservation of the river Ganga in keeping with sustainable development needs.
- In July 2014, the NGRBA has been transferred from the Ministry of Environment and Forests to the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation.
- Union government in a notification issued on 20 September 2016 has taken decision under River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order 2016 for a new body named “National Council for River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management)” NCRG to replace existing NGRBA.
- The new body(NCRG) will act as an authority replacing the existing National Ganga River Basin Authority for overall responsibility for superintendence of pollution prevention and rejuvenation of river Ganga Basin.
National Tiger Conservation Authority
- The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was established in December 2005 following a recommendation of the Tiger Task Force, constituted by the Prime Minister of India for reorganised management of Project Tiger and the many Tiger Reserves in India.
- The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was established in December 2005 following a recommendation of the Tiger Task Force, constituted by the Prime Minister of India for reorganised management of Project Tiger and the many Tiger Reserves in India.
- The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change constituted under enabling provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in 2006, for strengthening tiger conservation, as per powers and functions assigned to it under the said Act.
- The ‘Project Tiger’ is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, providing funding support to tiger range States for in-situ conservation of tigers in designated tiger reserves.
- NTCA has been at the forefront of tiger conservation work in India. It’s work domain extends from on the ground protection initiatives to science based monitoring of tigers and their habitat using latest technological tools, financial and technical support to tiger reserves, creating inviolate space for wildlife while ensuring community development to international co-operation.
National Green Tribunal
- Created under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources.
- The Principal Bench of the NGT is in New Delhi.
- It has regional benches in Pune (West), Bhopal (Central), Chennai (South) and Kolkata (East).
- The Chairperson of the NGT is a retired Judge of the Supreme Court, head quartered in New Delhi.
- It has the power of the civil court and guided by the principle of natural justice.
- Appeals against the order of NGT have to be made to supreme court within 90 days and the cases under NGT have to be disposed within six months.
- Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) works under the act of (NGT).
Also refer :
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- List Of Important Lakes Of India
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