Important Facts about Europe

Share it

Table of Contents

Europe is the second smallest continent, the smallest being the Australia. It is roughly three times the size of India and smaller than china.

Europe is separated from Asia by the Ural mountains, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountain and Black Sea.
Baltic Sea with two branches – Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland is an inlet in the north.
The Arctic Ocean to the north has a bay called the White Sea.
The peninsula of Greece, known as Balkan peninsula and Italy extended into the Mediterranean Sea.

In the south-west, is the Iberian Peninsula which is made up of Spain and Portugal.
In the north-west, is the Scandinavian peninsula mainly consisting of Norway and Sweden.
The Bay of Biscay, English Channel and North Sea are parts of the Atlantic Ocean.
The highest mountain in this continent is Mt. Elbrus
The Balkan ranges, Pyrenees, Apennines, Cantabrian, and the Dinaric Alps are some of the major mountains in Europe.
Europe is surrounded by water on three sides — Mediterranean Sea in the south, Atlantic Ocean in the west, and Arctic Ocean in the north.

The world’s smallest country, the Vatican City, is in Europe.
Some of the major rivers of Europe include Danube, Elbe, Loire, Oder, Dnieper and Don.
Finland, in Europe, is called the ‘Land of Lakes’ because melting ice sheets have created a lot of lakes here.
The longest rail route in the world is the Trans-Siberian Rail Route located in Europe which connects St Petersburg in the west and Vladivostok in the east.
Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Denmark together form the Scandinavian countries.
Yugoslavia, Greece, Romania and Albania are together called the Balkan states.
The Baltic states comprise Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia
Great Britain and Ireland form the two main island groups of Europe.
Ukraine’s Steppe region is called the ‘Granary of the world’ or ‘Bread Basket of the world’
Moscow is called the ‘Port of Five Seas’ as through its rivers and canals, it connects to five seas

Maize, barley, rice and oilseeds are the major food crops of the continent.
Three-fourth of the world’s potatoes grow in Europe.
The Volga is the longest river in Europe.
The major animals of Europe are – hedgehog, roe deer, wild boards, blue tit, the European tree frog.
South of east European grassland called the Steppes.

Mountains: Facts about Europe

Ural Mountains separate Asia from Europe.
Scandinavian Mountains
Alpine Mountain Range : It runs in many branches. The main ones are the Alps, the Carpathians, the Balkans, the Caucasus etc.
Pyrenees separates France from Spain.

Alps lies in the south eastern part of France and separates it from Italy. Mount Blanc is the highest peak of Alps lies in France.
Kjolen Mountain : runs along the border of Norway and Sweden.
Black forest Mountain lies in Germany.
Caucasus Mountain lies to the north of Georjia Azerbaijan.

Volga flows into Caspian sea and is the longest river of Europe.
Rivers that flow into the Mediterranean sea are Rhone (France) and Ebro (Spain).
River Po of Italy flows into the Adriatic Sea.
The Danube and Dnieper flows into the Black Sea.
Don flows into the Sea of Azov.
The Rhine starts from the Alps in Switzerland and flow northwards through Germany and enters the sea through Holland. It passes through heavily industrialized regions and is used for transporting heavy goods. It is the busiest waterway of Europe. Rotterdam, the largest part of Europe, is on its delta.

Strait of Gibralter	Connects Mediterranean sea with Atlantic sea
Strait of Bonifacio	Connects Tyrhenian sea with Mediterranean sea
Strait of Otranto	Adriatic sea with Ionian sea
Dardanelles Strait	Sea of Marmara with Aegean sea
Strait of Kerch	Sea of Azov with Black sea
Bosporous Strait	Black sea with Sea of Marmara

Also refer :