इस आर्टिकल को हिंदी में पढने के लिए यहाँ क्लिक करें.

Table of Contents

General Information about Bihar

State Formation Day	22 March 1912
First Division of Bihar	1936 (Odisha)
Second Division of Bihar	15 November 2000 (Jharkhand)
Governor	Shri Arif Mohammad Khan
Chief Minister	Shri Nitish Kumar (9th time)
Deputy Chief Minister	Shri Samrat Chaudhary, Shri Vijay Kumar Sinha
Legislature	Bicameral Legislative Council 75 Legislative Assembly 243
Lok Sabha Seat	40
Rajya Sabha Seat	16
High Court	Patna High Court
Chief Justice	Justice Vipul M. Pancholi (45th)
Area	94,163 km²
Population (2011)	10,40,99,452
Density	1,106/km²
Official language	Hindi
Maximum Spoken Regional Language	Maithili
Divisions	9
Districts	38
Sub-Divisions	101
CD Blocks	534

Bihar Map: Information About Bihar

Bihar is located in the eastern part of the country (between 83°-19′-50″ to 88°-17′-40″ E longitude). It is an entirely landlocked state, although the outlet to the sea through the port of Kolkata is not too far away. Bihar lies mid-way between the humid West Bengal in the east and the sub-humid Uttar Pradesh in the west, providing it with a transitional position regarding climate, economy and culture. It is bounded by Nepal in the north and by Jharkhand in the south. The Bihar plain is divided into two unequal halves by the river Ganga which flows through the middle from west to east.

7 Districts border Nepal in the west-to-east direction: West Champaran, East Champaran, Sitamarhi, Madhubani, Supaul, Araria and Kishanganj
8 Districts that border Uttar Pradesh in the north to south direction: West Champaran, Gopalganj, Siwan, Saran, Bhojpur, Buxar, Kaimur and Rohtas
8 Districts that border Jharkhand in the west to east direction: Rohtas, Aurangabad, Gaya, Nawada, Jamui, Banka, Bhagalpur and Katihar
3 Districts that border West Bengal in the north-to-south direction: Kishanganj, Purnia and Katihar

बिहार आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण : 2024-25

बिहार बजट 2025-26

Physical Features: Information About Bihar

Latitude	24°-20′-10″ ~ 27°-31′-15″ N
Longitude	83°-19′-50″ ~ 88°-17′-40″ E
Total Area	94,163.00 sq. kms
Height above Sea-Level	173 Feet
Distance from east to west	483 km
Distance from north to south	345 km
Length of Nepal border	601 km

2011 Census: Information About Bihar

Density of Population	1,106 per sq kms
Highest Density	Sheohar, 1880 per sq kms
Lowest Density	Kaimur, 488 per sq kms
Most Populous District	Patna: 58,38,465
Least Populous District	Sheikhpura: 6,36,342
Sex Ratio (Females/Thousand Males)	918
Highest Ratio	(Gopalganj) 1,021
Lowest Ratio	(Munger) 876
Lowest Literacy Rate	Purnia, 51.08%
Highest Literacy Rate	Rohtas, 73.37%

Symbols: Information About Bihar

State Animal	Gaur
State Bird	House Sparrow
State Flower	Marigold
State Tree	Peepal

First in Bihar: Information About Bihar

Sugar Mill : Madhaura (1904)
Nagarpalika : Ara (1865)
Irrigation Project : Son Multipurpose Project
Lok Sabha Speaker : Baliram Bhagat
English Newspaper Daily : The Search Light
English Newspaper Weekly : The Bihar Herald
Hindi Newspaper Weekly : Bihar Bandhu
Hindi Newspaper Daily : Sarvhitaishi
Neolithic age ornaments : Chirand
Chief Minister : Sri Krishna Singh
Governor : Jai Ram Das Daulat Ram
T.V. relay centre : Muzaffarpur (1978)
Oil Refinery Centre : Barauni

Geological Structure: Information About Bihar

Younger rocks to the north, older rocks to the south
North-West is Terai, Central is Gangetic plain and South is a plateau
Bihar plain is the youngest to be formed
Dharwar rocks – South eastern Bihar – Jamui, Nawada, Munger districts
Vindhyan Rocks – South Western Bihar – Kaimur, Rohtas districts

Waterfalls: Information About Bihar

Kakolat Falls (Nawada)
Telhar Waterfall (Kaimur)
Karkat Waterfall (Kaimur)
Tutla Bhawani(Tutrahi or Titula Dham) (Rohtas)
Dhua kund Waterfall (Rohtas)

Springs in Bihar: Information About Bihar

Manjhar Kund (Rohtas)
Dhua Kund (Rohtas)
Sita Kund (Sitamarhi)
Hot Spring (Rajgir )

Lakes: Information About Bihar

Kanwar Lake (Begusarai)
Muchalinda Lake (Bodhgaya)
Saraiya Man Lake (Bettiah)
Kharagpur Lake (Munger)
Moti Jheel (Motihari)
Pandu Pokhar (Rajgir)
Ghorakatora Lake (Rajgir)

World Heritage Sites: Information About Bihar

Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara (Nalanda University): Nalanda (2016)
Mahabodhi Temple Complex : Bodh Gaya (2002)

Ramsar Sites: Information About Bihar

Kanwar Lake: Begusarai
Nagi Bird Sanctuary (81st): Jamui
Nakti Bird Sanctuary (82nd): Jamui

The surname of Important Personalities: Information About Bihar

Name	Surname
Dr. Rajendra Prasad	Deshratna, Ajatshatru
Jai Prakash Narayan	Loknayak, JP
Kunwar Singh	Babu
Dr. Shri Krishna Singh	Bihar Kesari
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar	Rashtra Kavi
Babu Jagjivan Ram	Babujee
Baidya Nath Misra	Baba, Nagarjun
Dr. Anugraha Narayan Sinha	Bihar Bibhuti
Vidyapati	Bihar Kokil

Protected Areas: Information About Bihar

बिहार के राष्ट्रीय उद्यान और वन्यजीव अभयारण्य

SL	Name of Park/Sanctuary	District
1.	Barela SAZS Sanctuary	Vaishali
2.	Bhimbandh Sanctuary	Monghyr
3.	Gogabil Pakshi Vihar	Katihar
4.	Gautambuddha Sanctuary	Gaya
5.	Kaimur Sanctuary	Rohtas
6.	Kanwar Jheel Bird Sanctuary	Begusarai
7.	Kusheshwarsthan	Darbhanga
8.	Nagi Dam Bird Sanctuary	Jamui
9.	Nakti Dam Bird Sanctuary	Jamui
10.	Rajgir Sanctuary	Nalanda
11.	Sanjay Gandhi Botanical Garden	Patna
12.	Udaypur Sanctuary	West Champaran
13.	Valmiki National Park	West Champaran
14.	Valmiki Sanctuary	West Champaran
15.	Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin	Bhagalpur

GI Tags: Information About Bihar

Mithila Makhana

Silao Khaja

Muzaffarpur’s Shahi Litchi

Katarni Dhaan (rice)

Nawada’s Magahi Paan

Bhagalpur’s Jardalu Mango

Manjusha Art

Bhagalpur Silk

Madhubani Paintings

Sujini Embroidery work

Sikki Grass Product

Applique (Khatwa) Work

Stone Art of Gaya

Miscellaneous Facts: Information About Bihar

Pre-Stone and Mesolithic tools have been found in Munger and Nalanda.
Materials of the Neolithic Age have been found in Chirand (Saran) and Chechar (Vaishali).
In Rigveda, the words ‘Keekat’ and ‘Bratya’ have been used for the Bihar region.
The Shatapatha Brahmana describes the arrival and settlement of Aryans in Bihar.
According to Vayu Purana, Gaya was ruled by Asuras.
The Mahajanapadas located in the ancient vihara were: Anga, Magadha and Vajji.
Anga and Magadh are mentioned in the Atharvaveda.
Chandragupta II made Ujjain the capital of Magadha in place of Pataliputra.
The most popular Sufi silsila in Bihar was Firdausi.
Mulla Bahbahani salt traveler called Patna the heaven of India.
Farrukhshiyar was the first Mughal emperor whose coronation took place in Patna (Bihar) in 1713 AD.
Nalanda Mahavihara was built during the reign of Kumar Gupta I.
Mulla Bahbahani, a salt traveler called Patna the heaven of India.
Prince Azim had named Patna as Azimabad.
Udayin shifted his capital from Rajagriha and established it at Pataliputra.
Shishunaga made Vaishali his second capital apart from Giribraj. Later Vaishali became his principal capital.
Nanyadev was the founder of the Karnat dynasty.
Devpal made Munger his capital.
During the time of Tughlaq, the capital was at Biharsharif in the present Nalanda district.
Akbar’s governor Raja Man Singh made Rohtas his capital.
Captain John Garstin built the Golghar in 1786 AD.
Farrukh Siyar was the first Mughal emperor who was coronated in Bihar.
The coronation of Shah Alam II in Bihar took place under the protection of the British.
Sachindranath Sanyal had established a branch of Anushilan Samiti in Patna in 1913.
Revati Nag was sent by Dhaka Anushilan Samiti to Bhagalpur to campaign for revolution.
In 1918, ‘Bihari Yuvak Sangh’ was established in Motihari.
In 1927 AD, ‘Patna Yuvak Sangh’ was established.
In 1929 AD, ‘Pataliputra Youth Association’ was established.
The Bihar Socialist Party was formed by Jayaprakash Narayan and Phoolan Prasad Verma in 1931.
The Indian Congress Socialist Party was established in Patna in 1934 AD.

Also, refer to the following: