Important Top 100 Science One liners for Competitive Exams

Top 100 Science One Liners:

1. Dirty Dozen : 12 persistent organic pollutant identified by the UNEP.
2. Black carbon absorbs both short and long waves while carbon dioxide absorbs long wave radiation only.
3. Hoar frost : reverse of sublimation process.
4. Calcium hydride is called hydrolith, is used to prepare fireproof and waterproof clothes.
5. Platinum is known as white gold.
6. Iron pyrite is known as Fool’s gold.
7. Stannous sulphide is known as Mosaic gold.
8. Aircraft tyres filled with nitrogen.
9. Aqua Regia is a chemical substance, made by mixing one part of nitric acid and three parts of hydrochloric acid.
10. In ice, hydrogen bond form a cage like structure which is not there in liquid forms. That explains why density of water decreases as a solid.
11. Tanometer measures pressure inside eyes.
12. Iron absorbed more efficiently in vitamin C while calcium absorbed in vitamin D.
13. Black quarter is a disease found in the horse.
14. Photosynthesis does not occur in the infrared or in ultraviolet light.
15. CRISPR-cas9 : genome editing tool.
16. Synthesis of vitamin D and K takes place in our body.
17. Flourine is known as the most oxidising agent.
18. Ferric chloride is used to stop bleeding.
19. Sea weeds : contains iodine.
20. When cream separated from milk, its density decreases.
21. Chloroform in sunlight form poisonous gas ‘phosgene’.
22. Except Radon all inert gases are present in atmosphere.
23. Zeolite is used to remove the hardness of water.
24. Generally transitions metals and their compounds are coloured.
25. Osmonium is heaviest while platinum is hardest.
26. Zinc phosphide is used for killing rats while zinc chloride is used to prevent termites in wood.
27. Sodium peroxide is used in submarine and also to purify closed air in hospital.
28. Silver iodide is used in artificial rain.
29. Respiration is a catabolic process. It also reduces the weight of body.
30. Study of algae is known as phycology, while study of fungi is known as mycology.
31. Algae have chlorophyll, while fungi is chlorophyll less.
32. Chlorophyll absorbs the violet, blue, and red colours of light.
33. The rate of photosynthesis is maximum in red light and is minimum in violet light.
34. The process of photosynthesis is a reaction of oxidation and reduction, oxidation of water takes place forming oxygen and reduction of carbon dioxide forming glucose.
35. Ethylene is the only plant harmone found in gaseous form.
36. Blood group ‘O’ has no antigen while blood group ‘AB’ has no antibody.
37. The compulsory protein in making clots of blood is fibrinogen.
38. Blood group was discovered by Landsteiner.
39. Discovery of blood circulation by William Harvey.
40. The colour of urine is light yellow due to the presence of urochromes.
41. Whole disk encryption is a technology where data is encrypted before storage.
42. Rusting of iron is an example of a redox reaction (oxidation and reduction).
43. Magnesium oxide turns red litmus into blue.
44. Dr. Jaap Haartsen invented bluetooth.
45. Otto Von Guericke invented the vacuum pump.
46. R. H. Whittaker proposed five kingdom classification.
47. Xylem helps in transportation of water from roots to leaves.
48. Red rot disease : in sugarcane.
49. IPv4 & IPv6 are both IP addresses that are binary numbers. IPv4 is 32 bit binary number while IPv6 is 128 bit binary number address.
50. JPEG : joint photographic expert group.
51. Cryolite is the Ore of Aluminium.
52. pH of milk : slightly acidic (pH 6.5 to 6.7).
53. g is maximum at poles and minimum at equator.
54. In humans, the sound is produced by the Larynx.
55. Image persists on retina for about 1/16th of a second.
56. Stenothermal : organism which can able to tolerate only a small range of temperature.
57. Eurythermal : Organism which can able to tolerate wide range of temperature.
58. White vitriol : chemically known as zinc sulfate or zincate (ZnSo4.5H2O).
59. Blue Vitriol : Copper sulfate (CuSo4.5H2O).
60. Bryophytes : amphibians of the plant kingdom.
61. Potato, tomato, brinjal : belongs to solanum.
62. Potassium : invented by Humphry Davy (also invented sodium).
63. Penicillin : invented by Sir Alexander fleming.
64. Colour Photography : James Clerk Maxwell.
65. Polio vaccine :  Dr. Jonas Salk (An inactivated (killed) polio vaccine (IPV)) while A live attenuated (weakened) oral polio vaccine (OPV) developed by Dr. Albert Sabin.
66. Smallpox vaccine : Edward Jenner.
67. Bacteria : Antonie van Leeuwenhoek of Holland in 1683.
68. Virus : Ivanovsky of Russia in 1892.
69. Examples of Roots : Carrot, Turnip, Beet, Radish.
70. Examples of Stem : Potato, Onion, Garlic, Turmeric, Ginger, Saffron, Colocasia.
71. Rootless plant is Lemna.
72. Banana is a shurb.
73. Chlorella : space algae.
74. Gymnosperm : naked seed.
75. Angiosperm : seeds inside the fruit.
76. Ethylene is the only plant hormone found in gaseous form.
77. The dead RBC is destroyed by liver only.
78. Pancreas acts as endocrine and exocrine simultaneously.
79. Source of oxygen generated during photosynthesis is H2O.
80. Cobalt is found in vitamin B-12.
81. Chlorophyll contains magnesium.
82. Yeast is an important source of Vitamin B.
83. The sensitive area of the human tongue to bitterness is posterior part.
84. Ginger is a stem and not root because it has nodes and internodes.
85. The radiations used in the treatment of muscle ache are infrared.
86. Solar energy is converted into ATP in chloroplast.
87. The book, The origin of species was written by Darwin.
88. Body temperature is regulated by hypothalamus.
89.  Detergents used for cleaning clothes are Sulfonates.
90. Einstein got the Nobel Prize for photoelectric effect.
91. The process of galvanization is coating of iron sheet with Zinc.
92. The pulmonary artery carries blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to pick up a fresh supply of oxygen.
93. Silica gel is a drying agent.
94. Spectroheliograph is used for photographing the Sun.
95. Silver gets corroded due to hydrogen sulphide.
96. Cortex region is found in between Epidermis and Vascular bundle.
97. The theory of inheritance of acquired character was proposed by Lamarck.
98. Use of polished rice in human diet causes the Beriberi disease.
99. Urochrome is responsible for yellow colour of blood.
100. Fishes have two chambered heart, while birds have four chambered heart.

Also refer :

• Top 50 Science MCQs For Competitive Exams
• Top 50 Science Questions From Previous Year UPSC Prelims
• Important Multiple Choice Questions On Water Pollution.