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Nasadiya Sukta| Explained| Big-bang Theory

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About Nasadiya sukta

The Nāsadīya Sūkta, also known as the Hymn of Creation, is the 129th hymn of the 10th mandala of the Rigveda (10:129). It is concerned with cosmology and the origin of the universe.

Nasadiya Sukta begins with the statement: “Then, there was neither existence, nor non-existence.” It ponders when, why, and through whom the universe came into being in a contemplative tone, and provides no definite answers. Rather, it concludes that the gods too may not know, as they came after creation, and that even the surveyor of that which has been created, in the highest heaven may or may not know.

Meaning of Nasadiya sukta

नासदासीन्नो सदासीत्तदानीं नासीद्रजो नो व्योमा परो यत् ।
किमावरीवः कुह कस्य शर्मन्नम्भः किमासीद्गहनं गभीरम् ॥ १॥

इस जगत् की उत्पत्ति से पहले ना ही किसी का आस्तित्व था और ना ही अनस्तित्व, मतलब इस जगत् की शुरुआत शून्य से हुई। 
तब न हवा थी, ना आसमान था और ना उसके परे कुछ था,
चारों ओर समुन्द्र की भांति गंभीर और गहन बस अंधकार के आलावा कुछ नहीं था।

Neither existence nor nonexistence was there
Neither matter nor space around

What covered it, where it was and who protected?

Why, that plasma, all pervading, deep and profound?

न मृत्युरासीदमृतं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत्प्रकेतः ।
आनीदवातं स्वधया तदेकं तस्माद्धान्यन्न परः किञ्चनास ॥२॥

उस समय न ही मृत्यु थी और न ही अमरता, मतलब न ही पृथ्वी पर कोई जीवन था और न ही स्वर्ग में रहने वाले अमर लोग थे,
उस समय दिन और रात भी नहीं थे। 
उस समय बस एक अनादि पदार्थ था(जिसे प्रकृति कहा गया है), मतलब जिसका आदि या आरंभ न हो और जो सदा से बना चला आ रहा हो।

Neither death nor immortality was there
And there was neither day nor night

But for that breathless one breathing on its own

There was nothing else, surely nothing

तम आसीत्तमसा गूहळमग्रे प्रकेतं सलिलं सर्वाऽइदम् ।
तुच्छ्येनाभ्वपिहितं यदासीत्तपसस्तन्महिनाजायतैकम् ॥३॥

शुरू में सिर्फ अंधकार में लिपटा अंधकार और वो जल की भांति अनादि पदार्थ था जिसका कोई रूप नहीं था, अर्थात जो अपना आयतन न बदलते हुए अपना रूप बदल सकता है। 
फिर उस अनादि पदार्थ में एक महान निरंतर तप् से वो ‘रचयिता'(परमात्मा/भगवान) प्रकट हुआ।

It was darkness concealed in darkness
And an uninterrupted continuum of fluid

Out came in material form and shape

That one lying deep inside, on its own intent.

कामस्तदग्रे समवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः प्रथमं यदासीत् ।
सतो बन्धुमसति निरविन्दन्हृदि प्रतीष्या कवयो मनीषा ॥४॥

सबसे पहले रचयिता को कामना/विचार/भाव/इरादा आया सृष्टि की रचना का, जो की सृष्टि उत्पत्ति का पहला बीज था,
इस तरह रचयिता ने विचार कर आस्तित्व और अनस्तित्व की खाई पाटने का काम किया।

In the cosmic mind, all pervading
Desire, the primal seed made its first appearance

And the wise men, seeking deep in their heart

Could see the link between ‘that is’ and ‘that is not’.

तिरश्चीनो विततो रश्मिरेषामधः स्विदासीदुपरि स्विदासीत् ।
रेतोधा आसन्महिमान आसन्त्स्वधा अवस्तात्प्रयतिः परस्तात् ॥५॥

फिर उस कामना रुपी बीज से चारों ओर सूर्य किरणों के समान ऊर्जा की तरंगें निकलीं, 
जिन्होंने उस अनादि पदार्थ(प्रकृति) से मिलकर सृष्टि रचना का आरंभ किया।

Reins of the link, a grid of crisscross lines,
Holds all the seeds and mighty forces,

Microcosmic forces within

And macro forces out above.

को अद्धा वेद क इह प्र वोचत्कुत आजाता कुत इयं विसृष्टिः ।
अर्वाग्देवा अस्य विसर्जनेनाथा को वेद यत आबभूव ॥६॥

अभी वर्तमान में कौन पूरी तरह से ठीक-ठीक बता सकता है की कब और कैसे इस विविध प्रकार की सृष्टि की उत्पत्ति और रचना हुई, क्यूंकि विद्वान लोग तो खुद सृष्टि रचना के बाद आये।  अतः वर्तमान समय में कोई ये दावा करके ठीक-ठीक वर्णण नहीं कर सकता कि सृष्टि बनने से पूर्व क्या था और इसके बनने का कारण क्या था।

Who really knows, who can declare
When it started or where from?

And where will the creation end?

Seekers and sought entered later –

And so who knows when all this manifested?

इयं विसृष्टिर्यत आबभूव यदि वा दधे यदि वा न ।
यो अस्याध्यक्षः परमे व्योमन्त्सो अङ्ग वेद यदि वा न वेद ॥७॥

सृष्टि रचना का स्रोत क्या है? कौन है इसका कर्ता-धर्ता?
सृष्टि का संचालक, अवलोकन करता, ऊपर कहीं स्वर्ग में है बैठा।
हे विद्वानों, उसको जानों.. तुम नहीं जान सकते तो कौन जान सकता है?

That one, out of which the creation came
May hold the reins or not,

Perceiving all from above, That one alone

Knows the beginning – may not know too.

Comparision of Nasadiya sukta with Big-bang Theory

The beginning and the first moments as described by the big bang theory and the statements from Nasadiya Sukta are given side-by-side for easy comparison:

Time SequenceCosmologyRig Veda
Beginning of timeThere is no physics. Theory cannot account for conditions existing or not existingNeither existence nor nonexistence was there; Neither matter nor space was there;(1st two lines of 1st Verse)
10-32 seconds after Big BangThe inflationary mode ends, having made the universe smooth and almost homogenous. Matter, anti-matter, and radiation are a bubbling opaque stewAnd an uninterrupted continuum of fluid.(2nd line of 3rd Verse)
10-4 seconds after big bangUniverse expands. Matter and anti-matter annihilate each other. There is slightly more matter and this excess comprises the matter in the universe today forming galaxies.Out came in material form and shape That One lying deep inside, on its own intent(Last 2 lines of 3rd Verse)

It can be seen that the modern science is saying the same thing what Rig Veda declared earlier.

Nasadiya Sukta
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