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World Geography| Important Facts

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World Geographical Features

Rivers of World

Longest River of the worldNile
Largest River of the world by volumeAmazon
Longest River of EuropeVolga
Longest River of North AmericaMississippi-Missouri
Longest River of AsiaYangtze
Longest River of OceaniaMurray-Darling
Deepest River in the WorldCongo

Mountains of World

World Geographical Features
Mountain RangesMountain PeakCountries/Continents
HimalayaMt. EverestAsia
AndesMt. AconcaguaSouth America
AlpsMont BlancEurope
Caucasus Mt. ElbrusEurope
AtlasToubkalAfrica
RockiesMt. ElbertUSA
Alaska RangesDenali/Mt. MckinleyNorth America
Eastern Rift MountainsMt. KilimanjaroAfrica
Ellsworth MountainsVinson MassifAntarctica

Grasslands of World

GrasslandCountries/Continents
PrairiesNorth America
SteppesAsia & Europe
PustazHungary
PampasArgentina
VeldSouth Africa
DownsAustralia
CanteburyNew Zealand
SelvasSouth America
SavannahAfrica and Australia
TaigaEurope and Asia

Important Lakes of World

Largest lake of AsiaCaspian Sea
Largest lake of EuropeLake Ladoga
Largest lake of North AmericaLake Superior
Largest lake of South AmericaLake Titicaca
Largest lake of AfricaLake Victoria
Largest lake of OceaniaLake Eyre
Largest salt water lake of the worldCaspian Sea
Largest fresh water lake of the world by surface areaLake Superior
Largest fresh water lake of the world by volumeLake Baikal
World’s deepest lakeLake Baikal
Longest freshwater lake in the worldLake Tanganyika
Highest navigable lake in the world Lake Titicaca
  • Overall Caspian Sea is the largest lake of the world.
  • Lake Michigan is the largest lake (by area) that is located entirely in one country.
  • Lake Huron Contains Manitoulin Island, the world’s largest lake island.

Deserts of World

DesertLocation
SaharaNorth Africa
GobiMongolia-China
KalahariSouthern Africa
Great VictoriaAustralia
TaklamakanChina
AtacamaChile and Peru
MojaveUnited States
NamibSouthern Africa(Namibia),
Middle Africa(Angola)
Dasht-e Kavir, Dasht-e LootIran
PatagoniaArgentina

Important International Boundary Lines

Name of Boundary LineIn Between Countries
Radcliffe LineIndia and Pakistan
Durand LinePakistan and Afghanistan
India and Afghanistan
Mac Mohan LineIndia and China
Hindenburg LineGermany and Poland
Maginot LineFrance and Germany
Siegfried LineFortification between Germany and France
17th Parallel LineNorth Vietnam and South Vietnam (Now abandoned)
24th Parallel LineIndia and Pakistan in Rann of Kutch(Sir Creek)
38th Parallel LineNorth and South Korea
49th Parallel LineUSA and Canada

Important Facts on Latitude and Longitude

  • Congo River crosses the Equator twice.
  • River Mahi in India crosses the Tropic of Cancer twice.
  • The Limpopo River in Africa crosses the Tropic of Capricorn twice.
  • A person crossing the International date line from east to west loses a day while crossing it from west to east he gains a day.
  • Each degree of latitude is approximately 111 kilometers apart.
  • A degree of longitude is widest at the equator with a distance of 111.321 kilometers. The distance gradually shrinks to zero as they meet at the poles.
  • The Time difference between each longitude is 4 minutes.
  • In India, the standard meridian is 82-and-half degree, and it passes through Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.

Countries that the Equator passes through

South AmericaEcuador, Colombia, Brazil
AfricaGabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Sao Tome and Principle, Somalia
AsiaMaldives, Indonesia
OceaniaKiribati

The highest point on the equator is located on the Volcan Cayambe’s at an elevation of 4,690 meters in Ecuador. This is the only place on equator where the snow can be found.

Tropic of Cancer passes through following countries:

North AmericaBahamas, Mexico
AfricaEgypt, Libya, Niger, Algeria, Mali, Western Sahara, Mauritania
AsiaTaiwan, china, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia

Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 Indian states including: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.

Mahi River is the only river in India that cuts the Tropic of Cancer twice.

Countries that the Tropic of Capricorn passes through

South AmericaArgentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay
AfricaNamibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar
AustraliaAustralia

Countries that the Prime Meridian Passes through

EuropeUnited Kingdom, France, Spain
AfricaAlgeria, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo
AntarcticaAntarctica

Countries along Arctic Circle

  • The Arctic Circle passes through seven countries: Canada, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Russia and Alaska(USA).
  • The Ottawa declaration named eight members of the Arctic Council: Canada, Russia, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, USA, Sweden and Finland.

Miscellaneous facts

  • The shape of the earth is ‘Geoid’.
  • Continent with largest number of countries – Africa.
  • Angel Falls in Venezuela is the tallest waterfall in the world.
  • Continent without desert – Europe.
  • Lowest place – Dead Sea.
  • Lowest road- Highway 90(Dead Sea Highway).

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